Design of a Belt Conveyor

The project aims to design a belt conveyor for bulk material handling in various industries, following the RULMECA catalog guidelines for rollers and components, and meeting the ISO 9001/2000 quality management system standards for reliability, efficiency, and safety.

Introduction

The design of a belt conveyor for bulk material handling is a critical task in industries. The efficient movement of materials is essential for the smooth operation of these industries. To ensure the reliability, efficiency, and safety of the conveyor, it is important to follow established guidelines and standards. In this project, we will be designing a belt conveyor based on the RULMECA catalog, which provides a range of rollers and components specifically designed for bulk handling systems. The design will also comply with the ISO 9001/2000 quality management system standards, which will ensure that the conveyor is built to high-quality standards and will meet the needs of the industry. The successful completion of this project will result in a conveyor that is reliable, efficient, and safe for the transportation of bulk materials.

Objectives

To develop a belt conveyor that meets the RULMECA catalog standards for rollers and components in bulk handling systems.
To guarantee that the design meets the quality management system standards ISO 9001/2000.

Task set-up (step1):

For each new design, we have what we call key deliverables, in which we establish our scope based on these keys. It consists of the outcomes needed from the task, and they can be seen in the following table.

Conveyed material:	Material lump size:	Required load capacity:	Preselected breaking force of belt:	Belt cover thickness:	Horizontal distance:	Height:	Working conditions:	Utilization:
Gravel	W = 5 - 40 [mm]	Iv = 250 [t/h]	σb 315 [N/mm]	tc = 4[mm] +2 [mm]	L = 200[m]	H = 45 [m]	Standard	12 [hour/day]

Predetermination the belt speed, choosing a carrying troughing set and belt width (𝑣=?, λ=?, WB=?) (step2):

The physical properties of the conveyed material

Average specific weight:	Angle of response:	Abrasiveness:	Corrosiveness:
Ps = 1.44 t/h	Br 40°	B	A

Calculating the volumetric load Ivt

Ivt\:=\:\frac{Im}{v\cdot k\cdot k1}

Ivt\:=\:\frac{173.61}{2\cdot 0.93\cdot 0.9}\:=\:103.71\:\left[\frac{\left(\frac{m}{h}^3\right)}{\left(\frac{m}{s}\right)}\right]

Where;

Im is the required volumetric load of the conveyor

Im\:=\:\frac{Iv}{Ps}\:=\:\frac{250}{1.44}\:=\:173.61\:\left[\frac{m}{h}^3\right]

𝑣 is the belt speed

From the table the maximum advised belt speed and minimum belt width depend on the lump size and specific weight of the material 𝑣 = 2 [m/s]

K is the correction coefficient due to the inclination of conveyor , K1 is the correction coefficient due to the irregularity of feed

The angle of inclination

\delta \:=\:tan^{-1}\left(\frac{H}{l}\right)\:=\:tan^{-1}\left(\frac{45}{200}\right)\:=\:12.68^{\circ }\:

The correction coefficient due to the inclination is K = 0.93

The correction coefficient due to the irregularity of feed is K1=0.90

Selecting a carrying troughing set and belt width

From the physical properties of the conveyed material, the angle of response is 40° which lead to the Angle of surcharge β = 30°

The minimum belt width depending on the loaded volume is expressed relevant to the speed of 1 [m/s] and into consideration the belt width from previous table and choosing the highest value

WBmin	λ
500	20°

Determine the maximum pitch of roller sets (𝑎𝑜=?, 𝑎𝑢=?) (step3):

The maximum pitch of troughing sets depending on the belt width and specific weight

Belt width	Pitch of sets (upper) Ps = 1.44	lower
500 [mm]	1200 [mm]	3000 [mm]

Determine the diameter of rollers

The diameter of rollers depending on the belt width and speed DR = 89 [mm]

selecting the rollers

The belt core weight

qbn\:=\:3.0\:\left[\frac{kg}{m^2}\right]

The total belt weight

qb\:=\left(qbn+\left(4+2\right)\cdot qbc\right)\cdot Wb

qb\:=\left(3+6\cdot 1.15\right)\cdot 0.5\:=\:4.95\:\left[\frac{kg}{m}\right]

Calculate the load on the carrying strand and the return strand (𝑐𝑎=?, 𝑐𝑟=?) (step4):

The static load for carrying rollers

Ca\:=\:ao\cdot \left(qb+\frac{Iv}{3.6\cdot v}\right)\:\cdot 0.981

Ca\:=\:1.5\cdot \left(4.95+\frac{250}{3.6\cdot 2}\right)\:\cdot 0.981\:=\:58.375\:\left[daN\right]

The dynamic load for carrying rollers

Ca1\:=\:Ca\cdot Fd\cdot Fs\cdot Fm

Ca1\:=\:58.375\cdot 1.0\cdot 1.1\cdot 1.0\:=\:64.213\:\left[daN\right]

The load on the central roller of a carrying troughing set

ca\:=\:Ca1\cdot Fp

ca\:=\:64.21\cdot 0.50\:=\:32.11\:\left[daN\right]

Where;

Fd	Fs	Fm	Fy	Fp
1.0	1.1	1.0	0.96	0.50

The static load for the return rollers;

Cr\:=\:au\cdot qb\cdot 0.981

Cr\:=\:3.0\cdot \:4.62\cdot \:0.981\:=\:14.57\:\left[daN\right]

The dynamic load for the return rollers;

Cr1\:=\:Cr\cdot Fs\cdot Fm\cdot Fv

Ca1\:=\:14.57\cdot 1.1\cdot 1.0\cdot 0.96\:=\:15.39\:\left[daN\right]

The load on the return roller

cr\:=\:Cr1\cdot Fp

cr\:=\:15.39\cdot 0.50\:=\:7.695\:\left[daN\right]

Selecting the rollers

Rollers for carrying idlers type PSV/1 diameter = 89 with bearing 6204 of length C = 323 with load capacity 142 kg that satisfies the required loading of = 25.69kg

Rollers for carrying idlers type PSV/1 diameter = 89 with bearing 6204 of length C = 608 with load capacity 142 kg that satisfies the required loading of = 7.695kg

Determine the motor power to move the belt conveyor (𝑃=?) (step5):

The weight of rotating part of the rollers

1. Upper rotating part

qRO\:=\:\frac{Pprs}{ao}\:=\:\frac{5.1}{1.5}\:=3.4\:\left[\frac{kg}{m}\right]

2. Lower rotating parts

qRU\:=\:\frac{Ppri}{au}\:=\:\frac{3.7}{3}\:=1.233\:\left[\frac{kg}{m}\right]

The weight of conveyed material per linear meter is

qG\:=\:\frac{Iv}{3.6\cdot v}\:=\:\frac{250}{3.6\cdot 2}\:=\:34.7\:\left[\frac{kg}{m}\right]

The total tangential force at the drive pulley periphery is

Fu\:=\:\left[L\cdot Cq\cdot Ct\cdot f\cdot \left(3qb+qG+qRU+qRO\right)+H\cdot qG\right]\cdot 0.981

Fu\:=\:\left[200\cdot \:1.5\cdot \:1\cdot \:0.017\cdot \:\left(9.9+34.7+1.233+3.4\right)+45\cdot \:34.7\right]\cdot \:0.981\:=\:1783.48\:\left[daN\right]

The efficiency of the reduction gear and possible transmission is n = 0.86

The necessary driving power is

P\:=\:Fu\cdot \frac{v}{n}\:=\:\frac{1783.48\cdot 2}{100\cdot 0.86}\:=\:41.47\:\left[kW\right]